Classes :: class description :

UNIX (SUN Solaris 2.7 -- 2.8)

Overview

This course is intended to serve as an introductory to the Unix operating system. While the course is intended for those learning to use Unix for language processing, the material covered is of interest to any users who wish to explore Unix and develop their own simple applications.
The course contains a series of exercises, to be practice at the end of most lesson, plus some practice material inside the text book. It is important that you do these as you work through the course. Not only do they serve to consolidate what has been covered in the course, they should lead you to find out more. You will learn much more if you adopt an active, curious and critical approach to Unix. So try things at the keyboard, and don't be afraid to get things wrong - it is an important part of the learning process.
Most of the information given in this course should be relevant for most versions of Unix. However, students should be prepared to encounter local variations.

Prerequisites

Students should be familiar with Windows NT and Novell NT.

Outline

Module 1: UNIX operating system and Solaris operating environment

·         Solaris operating environment: SunOS, OpenWindows, Desist and CDE

·         UNIX operating system design: hardware core, kernel, shell, and application.

·         Roles of servers and clients

·         Host configuration: standalone and diskless clients

·         Software terminology

·         Users: superuser (root) and user

·         System Access: user account and password, special systems accounts

Module 2: Basic System Concepts and Administration Tools

·         Commands (case sensitive): pwd, cd, ls, more, grep, mv, cp, ln, rm, rmdir mkdir, touch, and cat

·         Graphics Interface (File manager)

·         Text Editors: vi, and window-based text editor

Module 3: System Management

·         System boot and shutdown procedures

·         System run-levels

·         Boot sequence

·         Change run-levels: shutdown, halt, init, reboot, stop-A commands

·         Managing user accounts

·         Admintool: an overview

·         Commands (group add, groupmod, groupdel; useradd, usermod, userdel, and passwd)

·         Home directory, default shells and initialization files for users and superusers

·         Managing System Security

·         Owner, group, and permissions

·         Chown and chgrp commands

·         Setting permission using symbolic names

·         Using Octal numbers

·         Setting the default file mode (umask)

·         Set UID and GID

·         Tracking security using aset

Module 4: Managing Devices

·         Solaris Device Names

·         Device terminology

·         eerie device mappings (electronically erasable programmable read only memory)

·         (Printenv, setenv commands).

·         OpenBoot Monitor physical Names: name@address:arguments

·         Logical device names (alphabet Soup Device Names)

·         Displaying system configurations: prtconf, sysdef

·         Reconfiguring device information (boot –r)

·         Adding a SCSI disk

·         Using the format utility

·         Viewing the VTOC (volume table of contents) with the prtvtoc utility

·         Types of file systems (ufs, hsfs, pcfs, nfs, tmpfs, cachefs, lofs, procfs, and swapfs)

·         Creating new file system (newfs /dev/rdsk/c#t#d#s#)

·         Identifying file systems mounted (df, mount, /etc/mnttab)

·         Mounting file systems (mount –o option, option, … disk_device mount_point

·         Starting and stopping volume manager: /etc/inet.d/volmgt start or /etc/inet.d/volmgt stop

Module 5: Managing Software

• Software concepts: groups (configurations: core, end user, developer, and entire), clusters (OpenWindows Version 3), and packages (SUNWman)
• Software maintenance Utilities: pkginfo, pkgadd, pkgrm, pkgchk
• Graphic interface tools: admintool

Module 6: Managing Terminals, Modems, and printers

• Serial devices
• Service Access Facility (SAF)
• Service Access Controller: SAC
• Port monitors: TTY port monitor (ttymon) and Network listen monitor (listen)
•  Setting up terminals, and modems using admin tool.
• Printing
• Printing terminology: printing daemon—lpsched, print client and print server. spool directory, output filters (ascii to ps)
• Printer setup: setup a local printer, and setup a remoter printer.
• Access control: lpadmin –p basement –u deny: john
• Starting and stopping the printing service: lpshut and /usr/lib/lp/lpsched, to check use lpstat –r.
• Configuring and using HP JetDirect for network printing

Module 7: System Backups

• Why backup?
• What files need backups?
• Types of backups
• Backup commands: /usr/lib/fs/ufs/ufsdump, ufsrestore, tar, cpio, and dd
• Automatic backup using scripts and crontab.

Module 8: Bourne Shell Scripting

• Basic shell features
• Environment and local variables
• Setting variables from .login
• Using metacharacters, redirection characters, and quotation marks in scripts
• Statements: which statement, loop control statements (for, while,); conditional statements
• (If conditional and case conditional)

Module 9: Network configuration and Management

• TCP/IP protocol suite
• Network address and host address
• Name services: /etc files, DNS and NIS+ -- an introduction
• Netmask, subnets, and routers
• Local configuration files: /etc/hosts, /etc/netmask, /etc/nodename, /etc/hostname.xyz, /etc/services
• Trouble-shooting tools: ping, spray, snoop, and traceroute

Module 10: Solaris Installation

• Three types of installation: Web start, Custom Jumpstart, and Interactive; their strengths and weaknesses.
• Web start: minimum system requirements
• Custom Jumpstart: sysidcfg file, rules file, and profile files
• Interactive: related issues and pitfalls

Module 11: Network File Systems

• Function and terminology: share and mount, servers and clients, Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
• Setting up an NFS server: temporary and permanent ways.
• Share –F nfs –o ro=engineering, rw=sales –d “local programs” /export/home
• Setting up NFS clients: temporary and permanent ways.
• Mount –o rw=engineering server:/export/home /home
• Start the daemons: /etc/init.d/nfs.server start and /etc/init.d/nfs.client start
• NFS file system mount options: rw/ro, hard/soft, suid/nosuid, bg/fg, intr/nointr, retry=n, timeo=n
• Automounting NFS with automount
• Automount services: /etc/init.d/autofs start or /etc/init.d/autofs stop
• Automount maps: master map: /etc/auto_master; direct map: /etc/auto_direct; indirect map: /etc/auto_home

Module 12: Network Name Services

• NIS+: root server, master server, replica server, and client, NIS+ tables,
• NIS+ user commands
• NIS+ administrator commands
• NIS+ domains and objects
• Configuring a NIS+ domain: /usr/lib/nis/nisserver, nispopulate, and nisclient
• Domain Name Service (DNS): Domain tree, DNS servers, and clients,
• Configuring primary name servers, secondary name servers, and caching name servers.
• DNS resource records: SOA, NS, A, PTR, MX, CNAME, TXT, RP
• Setting up a DNS server and a DNS client
• Using NIS+ with DNS: /etc/nsswitch.conf